Neuropathy is a common complication of chronic diabetes, but careful regulation of blood glucose levels can help reduce the risk and slow the progression of diabetic neuropathy.^40,41 Exercise interventions have been shown to improve peripheral nerve function and reduce neuropathy symptoms in people with diabetes.^42,43 In addition to promoting healthy blood glucose regulation, exercise can help preserve muscle mass and strength, which have been correlated with reduced risk and severity of diabetic neuropathy.^44,42

While many people with type 1 diabetes can benefit from regular, moderate exercise, physical activity can lead to low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). If you have type 1 diabetes, never begin an intensive exercise program without consulting a healthcare professional first.

Some physical activities are not safe for people with neuropathy. These activities may cause injury or tissue damage that people with existing neuropathy may not feel or notice. This can lead to more serious problems. Consult with a qualified healthcare provider, such as a diabetes clinical exercise expert for guidance.

Because people with diabetic neuropathy have a high risk of foot complications, it is important to wear activity-appropriate, well-fitting footwear, and comfortable, moisture-wicking socks. Keeping feet clean and dry by carefully washing and drying between the toes will help protect foot health. It is also important to monitor the condition of the feet regularly, and notify a healthcare provider if calluses, blisters, or red, swollen, or inflamed areas that do not heal are present. Ask a spouse, partner, or home healthcare provider to help you with areas you can’t see, such as the bottoms of your feet.^46,47

People with diabetes who smoke are at higher risk for diabetes complications, including neuropathy.⁴⁸ Therefore, smoking cessation is an urgent goal for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes to prevent diabetes-related neuropathy and foot disease.⁴⁹